Verbascum nigrum Dense flowered Mullein

*Verbascum nigrum*, commonly known as Dense-flowered Mullein, is a biennial or short-lived perennial plant known for its tall spikes of densely-packed, small yellow flowers. Here's a guide on how to grow Dense-flowered Mullein:

**1. Planting Time:**
- Dense-flowered Mullein is typically grown from seeds. Sow the seeds directly in the garden in late summer or early fall for flowering in the following year. The plant is a biennial, meaning it completes its life cycle in two years.

**2. Location:**
- Choose a location with full sun. Dense-flowered Mullein prefers well-lit areas.

**3. Soil Preparation:**
- Prepare well-draining, moderately fertile soil. Mullein can tolerate a variety of soil types, but it thrives in soil with good drainage. Incorporate organic matter, such as compost, to improve soil structure and fertility.

**4. Planting Seeds:**
- Scatter the seeds over the soil surface and gently press them into the soil. Water the area well after planting.

**5. Watering:**
- Keep the soil consistently moist during the germination period. Once established, Dense-flowered Mullein is somewhat drought-tolerant. Water during dry spells to encourage healthy growth.

**6. Mulching:**
- Apply a thin layer of mulch around the plants to help retain soil moisture and suppress weeds. Avoid heavy mulching directly over the plants to allow them to receive adequate sunlight.

**7. Growth Habit:**
- Dense-flowered Mullein can grow to a height of 3 to 6 feet, creating an upright and spire-like appearance. Provide sufficient spacing between plants to accommodate their mature size.

**8. Pruning:**
- While Dense-flowered Mullein doesn't require extensive pruning, you may choose to deadhead spent flowers to encourage continuous blooming. However, leaving some seed heads can provide interest in the garden and attract birds.

**9. Self-Seeding:**
- Dense-flowered Mullein is known to self-seed readily. If you want to control its spread, deadhead the flowers before they produce seeds.

**10. Deer Resistance:**
- Dense-flowered Mullein is often resistant to deer browsing, making it a good choice in areas where deer are a concern.

**11. Winter Care:**
- Dense-flowered Mullein is generally hardy and can withstand winter temperatures. In colder climates, it may die back in winter and regrow in the spring.

**12. Wildlife Attraction:**
- The flowers of Dense-flowered Mullein attract pollinators, including bees and butterflies. The seed heads provide food for birds.

Dense-flowered Mullein adds vertical interest to the garden and is relatively low-maintenance. Keep in mind its potential for self-seeding, and adjust your care routine based on your specific growing conditions.