Bonsai, Ficus retusa, 29cm.,

Growing Ficus retusa, especially as a bonsai, requires specific care to maintain its health and shape. Ficus retusa, also known as Banyan Fig, is a popular choice for bonsai due to its small leaves, aerial roots, and adaptability. Here's a detailed guide to growing and shaping your 29 cm Ficus retusa with a drip tray:

1. Location

• Light: Place the Ficus retusa in a location with plenty of indirect sunlight. It prefers bright light but can tolerate some shade. If growing indoors, a south-facing window is ideal. Outdoors, provide partial shade, especially in very hot climates.
• Temperature: This species prefers warm conditions, ideally between 60-75°F (16-24°C). Protect it from cold drafts and temperatures below 50°F (10°C).

2. Watering

• Frequency: Water the bonsai regularly, keeping the soil evenly moist but not waterlogged. Ficus retusa likes humidity, so misting the leaves can also be beneficial.
• Drip Tray Use: Place the pot on a drip tray to catch excess water, which helps increase humidity around the tree. Ensure the pot doesn’t sit directly in water, as this can cause root rot. Elevate the pot slightly above the water level in the tray using small stones or feet.
• Watering Method: Water thoroughly until water drains out of the bottom of the pot. This ensures the entire root ball is moistened. Empty the drip tray after watering to prevent standing water.

3. Soil

• Soil Type: Use well-draining bonsai soil. A mix of akadama, pumice, and lava rock or a commercial bonsai soil mix designed for Ficus species works well. The soil should retain some moisture but also allow for good aeration.

4. Fertilizing

• Frequency: Feed your Ficus retusa every two weeks during the growing season (spring and summer) with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer. Reduce feeding to once a month in fall and stop in winter when the tree is dormant.
• Type: Use a fertilizer specifically formulated for bonsai or a balanced fertilizer diluted to half strength.

5. Pruning and Shaping

• Pruning: Regular pruning is essential to maintain the shape and size of your bonsai. Trim new growth back to the desired shape, leaving 1-2 leaves per shoot. Prune throughout the growing season to encourage dense foliage and a compact form.
• Wiring: You can wire branches to guide their shape. Do this carefully to avoid damaging the bark. Wiring is best done in early spring when the tree is most flexible. Leave the wire on for a few months but check regularly to prevent it from cutting into the bark.
• Defoliation: For finer branching and smaller leaves, you can defoliate (remove all leaves) in early summer. This encourages a flush of new, smaller leaves and helps improve the overall shape.

6. Repotting

• Frequency: Repot every 2-3 years in early spring, just before the growing season begins. This keeps the roots healthy and ensures the tree doesn’t become root-bound.
• Procedure: When repotting, prune the roots slightly to promote new growth. Use fresh bonsai soil and ensure the tree is positioned correctly in the pot.

7. Pest and Disease Management

• Pests: Common pests include spider mites, aphids, and scale insects. Check the leaves regularly and treat infestations with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
• Diseases: Ficus retusa is generally resistant to diseases, but overwatering can lead to root rot. Ensure proper watering practices and good drainage.

8. Humidity and Air Circulation

• Humidity: Ficus retusa thrives in humid conditions. If growing indoors, consider placing a humidity tray near the tree or using a room humidifier.
• Air Circulation: Good air circulation helps prevent fungal diseases. Ensure the area around the bonsai is well-ventilated, especially if kept indoors.

9. Winter Care

• If kept indoors, Ficus retusa needs consistent light and warmth during winter. Reduce watering but don’t let the soil dry out completely. If outdoors, bring it inside before the first frost.

By following these steps, you can successfully maintain your Ficus retusa bonsai, ensuring it remains healthy, vibrant, and well-shaped.